Imbue k9 plus 25mg CBD Capsules of Full Spectrum Hemp Extract

Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the main pharmacologically active phytocannabinoids of Cannabis sativa L. CBD is non-psychoactive but exerts a number of beneficial pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The chemistry and pharmacology of CBD, as well as various molecular targets, including cannabinoid receptors and other components of the endocannabinoid system with which it interacts, have been extensively studied. In addition, preclinical and clinical studies have contributed to our understanding of the therapeutic potential of CBD for many diseases, including diseases associated with oxidative stress. Here, we review the main biological effects of CBD, and its synthetic derivatives, focusing on the cellular, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of CBD. (1)

(1) CBD for Inflammation: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7023045/

The anxiolytic effects of CBD observed in animals have provided insight and guided human research. The initial clinical studies examining the effects of CBD on anxiety were performed in the 1980s, when it was demonstrated that CBD could attenuate the anxiogenic and psychoactive effects of THC in healthy volunteers.Since then, studies in healthy volunteers and individuals with SAD provide early evidence that CBD may have anxiolytic effects in humans. The Simulation Public Speaking Test has been used to examine the effects of CBD on anxiety in clinical studies. In both healthy volunteers and individuals diagnosed with SAD, it was found that in comparison with the placebo group, a 400 or 600 mg single dose of CBD significantly reduced subjective symptoms of anxiety and decreased cognitive impairment and speech performance discomfort. Neuroimaging studies of acute administration of CBD have demonstrated modified blood flow in specific brain structures associated with anxiety, including the amygdala, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and cingulate cortex.n addition, retrospective studies have found CBD to be effective in reducing anxiety symptoms in patients with anxiety disorders and PTSD. These studies examined varying doses (e.g., 25–75 mg/day) and preparations (e.g., oral, sublingual spray) of CBD across different patient populations and in combination with other forms of pharmacological and psychotherapies, although findings from such retrospective studies provide limited data due to small sample sizes and lack proper controls.

Three ongoing clinical trials are currently investigating the effects of CBD as a potential treatment for anxiety disorders. Van der Flier et al are examining the effects of a weekly dose of 300 mg of CBD administered orally for 8 weeks, in individuals with phobic disorders. An ongoing phase 3 clinical trial is exploring the use of 200 mg ranging up to 800 mg of CBD administered in oil capsules, for the treatment of GAD, SAD, panic disorder, and agoraphobia.Finally, an open label phase 2 clinical trial is currently examining the effects of a sublingual, 1.0 mg CBD tincture (10 mg/mL of CBD) three times a day for 4 weeks, in patients with an anxiety disorder diagnosis.These studies are of great importance because the majority of studies assessing the effects of CBD on anxiety were conducted in healthy volunteers, and the clinical trials involving patients with SAD used small sample sizes, did not include placebo controls and did not establish a dose–response relationship between CBD plasma levels and anxiety symptom measurements. In addition, future clinical trials are warranted to examine the effects of CBD on other anxiety disorders, including GAD, panic disorder, and phobic disorder, as well as anxiety-related conditions, such as PTSD and OCD. (2)

(2) CBD Anxiety: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7480724/

Based on the review conducted, there is sufficient clinical and preclinical evidence of CBD in pain treatment, so CBD could be an effective and safe treatment in reducing pain due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. These effects appear to be primarily mediated by the activation of TRPV-1, 5HT-1A, and CB1, with emerging therapeutic relevance in the management of osteoarthritis and chronic pain. (4 )

(4) Cannabidiol (CBD): A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Evidence in the Treatment of Pain: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11597428/

Medical cannabis (MC) describes the usually inhaled or ingested use of a cannabis plant or cannabis extract for medicinal purposes. The action of whole cannabis plants is extremely complex because their large number of active compounds not only bind to a plethora of different receptors but also interact with each other both synergistically and otherwise. Renewed interest in the medicinal properties of cannabis has led to increasing research into the practical uses of cannabis (8derivatives, and it has been found that the endocannabinoid system (particularly CB2 receptor activation) is a possible target for the treatment of inflammatory and the autoimmune diseases related to immune cell activation. However, in vivo findings still lack, creating difficulties in applying translational cannabinoid research to human immune functions. In this review, we summarized the main mechanisms of action of medical cannabis plant especially regarding the immune system and the endocannabinoid system, looking at preliminary clinical data in three most important autoimmune diseases of three different specialities: rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease. (3)

(3) CBD and Autoimmune: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8313508/

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-intoxicating cannabinoid extracted from the cannabis plant that is used for medicinal purposes. Ingestion of CBD is claimed to address several pathologies, including gastrointestinal disorders, although limited evidence has been generated thus far to substantiate many of its health claims. Nevertheless, CBD usage as an over-the-counter treatment for gastrointestinal disorders is likely to expand in response to increasing commercial availability, permissive legal status, and acceptance by consumers. This systematic review critically evaluates the knowledge boundaries of the published research on CBD, intestinal motility, and intestinal motility disorders. Research on CBD and intestinal motility is currently limited but does support the safety and efficacy of CBD for several therapeutic applications, including seizure disorders, inflammatory responses, and upper gastrointestinal dysfunction (i.e., nausea and vomiting). CBD, therefore, may have therapeutic potential for addressing functional gastrointestinal disorders. The results of this review show promising in vitro and preclinical data supporting a role of CBD in intestinal motility. This includes improved gastrointestinal-related outcomes in murine models of colitis. These studies, however, vary by dose, delivery method, and CBD-extract composition. Clinical trials have yet to find a conclusive benefit of CBD on intestinal motility disorders, but these trials have been limited in scope. In addition, critical factors such as CBD dosing parameters have not yet been established. Further research will establish the efficacy of CBD in applications to address intestinal motility. (5)

(5) CBD and Gut Health: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10541995/

Capsule, a form of dosage form in medication, are common in our day-to-day health management. Capsules are made up of gelatin (hard or soft) and non-gelatin shells generally derived from hydrolysis of collagen (acid, alkaline, enzymatic, or thermal hydrolysis) from animal origin or cellulose based. However, currently, an issue of vegetarian and non-vegetarian capsules is coming up. The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) has invited comments from different stakeholders regarding this.

To address this issue, we need to understand that the needs and food habits vary from person to person and place to place. But, should we differentiate the nature of drugs as per their origin, for health management, which can have a serious impact on health/life? Therefore, in the present editorial, we will discuss their origin and properties in the scientific platform.

Veg versus non-veg capsule

Coming to origin, gelatin capsules are typically of animal origin. Being vegetarian, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and starch capsule shells share religious and food preference advantage. The story started with a proposal received to the CDSCO to replace gelatin capsules with cellulose-based capsules. Further, the matter was referred to the Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) where it was found that the matter pertains not only to drugs but also to other products and hence the matter is beyond the scope of the DTAB, and the Ministry of Health may take a policy decision on this in consultation with other ministries regarding this. Members further felt that it also cannot be certified that the contents in the capsule are purely of vegetarian origin, as many chemicals or ingredients of manufacturing system are of non-vegetarian origin.[1] (10)

(10) (1): Vegan Capsules over Gelatin: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5830853/

1.Minutes of the 76th Meeting of Drugs Technical Advisory Board Held; DGHS, Nirman Bhawan; New Delhi. 2017. Jan 31st, [Last accessed on 2017 Jun 14]. Available from:http://www.cdsco.nic.in/writereaddata/Minutes%20of%2076th%20DTAB%20on%2031_01_2017.pdf